Animal Farm Compared To The Russian Revolution Essays -

Animal Farm compared to the Russian Revolution All of the characters in Animal farm have counterparts in real life. This book was based on the Russian Revolution, and all the important populace of the revolution are symbolized. Some of the animals represent individuals in the Russian Revolution, and some types of animals represent different types of Russian citizens. The book carries out much like the actual revolution. It starts out with hopes of an empire where all are equal and the unfair unjust leader is thrown out. Then it moves on to where some individuals begin to take more power than is rightfully theirs. At the end the rulers have completely taken over and the kingdom is as it was under the original rulers. I will compare the animals from top of the social class to the bottom. At the top were the pigs. Each pig represented someone different in the revolution. Old Major is compared to Lenin. He was an ideologist who dreamed up a wonderful government where all the animals were equal and the humans, or the czars, ! were pushed out. Unfortunately his dream would never materialize. Then we are left with his predecessors. The first is Snowball. Snowball believed one hundred percent in Old Majors ideals. He wanted all the things Old Major wanted, such as the welfare of the animals. In the Russian Revolution his counterpart would be Trotsky. Trotsky believed and wanted the same things as Lenin, and wanted to continue what Lenin had started. Then comes Napoleon. Napoleon was selfish and greedy. He did not want to share the power or the decision making with any other individual. This was the same for Stalin. At first Napoleon and Snowball shared the decision making and had debates about what course of action they would take. This worked for awhile. Then Napoleon grew weary of long debates, and he thought he could make the decision by himself. He then forced Snowball out of the farm and started to spread lies about Snowball to get the entire farm against him. Stalin did the same thing against Trotsky and forced Trotsky into hiding into Mexico, where he was eventually assassinated. Both Stalin and Napoleon ruined any hopes of equal and fare government and instead set up dictatorships. Then comes the final important pig, Squealer. Squealer did not make the decisions in the government but acted more like the controlled media as in the Russian government. His job was to influence the people by exaggerating and re-writing history and sometimes telling plain lies all together. The people would listen t! o him, and he would always listen to Napoleon. Other animals were the worker class type citizens. The types of citizens range from hard working to selfish and lazy. Molly, for instance, only cared about her ribbons, and wasn't much of a thinker. All she wanted to do was eat sugar, and look pretty. Benjamin was a critic who always said "I've seen that before" and I'll never work." The cat was just plain lazy, and was always disappearing whenever work had to be done. The ducks were weak and did not get much done. Then there were other donkey?s which worked much harder and never thought of their own needs. The pigeons acted as message carriers spreading propaganda between farms, spreading Napoleon?s words from farm to farm, or in the actual Russian Revolution, country to country. Although all these animals are very different, they all shared one common trait. They were all weak. They all let Napoleon take over without much resistance. Just like Stalin took over Russia. These animals were too weak, too scared, or just lacked the intelligence required to do something about it. This is where it is the fault of the people. They should have stood up to Napoleon for what they fought for in the first place. The people must stand up to those who would destroy the system or else al! l is lost. I think that this story was a good representation of the actual Russian Revolution. But it is even more than that. It shows how people can let certain individuals get away with anything just because they do not feel like standing up to them. Animal Farm Compared To The Russian Revolution Essays - Animal Farm compared to the Russian Revolution All of the characters in Animal farm have counterparts in real life. This book was based on the Russian Revolution, and all the important populace of the revolution are symbolized. Some of the animals represent individuals in the Russian Revolution, and some types of animals represent different types of Russian citizens. The book carries out much like the actual revolution. It starts out with hopes of an empire where all are equal and the unfair unjust leader is thrown out. Then it moves on to where some individuals begin to take more power than is rightfully theirs. At the end the rulers have completely taken over and the kingdom is as it was under the original rulers. I will compare the animals from top of the social class to the bottom. At the top were the pigs. Each pig represented someone different in the revolution. Old Major is compared to Lenin. He was an ideologist who dreamed up a wonderful government where all the animals were equal and the humans, or the czars, ! were pushed out. Unfortunately his dream would never materialize. Then we are left with his predecessors. The first is Snowball. Snowball believed one hundred percent in Old Majors ideals. He wanted all the things Old Major wanted, such as the welfare of the animals. In the Russian Revolution his counterpart would be Trotsky. Trotsky believed and wanted the same things as Lenin, and wanted to continue what Lenin had started. Then comes Napoleon. Napoleon was selfish and greedy. He did not want to share the power or the decision making with any other individual. This was the same for Stalin. At first Napoleon and Snowball shared the decision making and had debates about what course of action they would take. This worked for awhile. Then Napoleon grew weary of long debates, and he thought he could make the decision by himself. He then forced Snowball out of the farm and started to spread lies about Snowball to get the entire farm against him. Stalin did the same thing against Trotsky and forced Trotsky into hiding into Mexico, where he was eventually assassinated. Both Stalin and Napoleon ruined any hopes of equal and fare government and instead set up dictatorships. Then comes the final important pig, Squealer. Squealer did not make the decisions in the government but acted more like the controlled media as in the Russian government. His job was to influence the people by exaggerating and re-writing history and sometimes telling plain lies all together. The people would listen t! o him, and he would always listen to Napoleon. Other animals were the worker class type citizens. The types of citizens range from hard working to selfish and lazy. Molly, for instance, only cared about her ribbons, and wasn't much of a thinker. All she wanted to do was eat sugar, and look pretty. Benjamin was a critic who always said "I've seen that before" and I'll never work." The cat was just plain lazy, and was always disappearing whenever work had to be done. The ducks were weak and did not get much done. Then there were other donkey?s which worked much harder and never thought of their own needs. The pigeons acted as message carriers spreading propaganda between farms, spreading Napoleon?s words from farm to farm, or in the actual Russian Revolution, country to country. Although all these animals are very different, they all shared one common trait. They were all weak. They all let Napoleon take over without much resistance. Just like Stalin took over Russia. These animals were too weak, too scared, or just lacked the intelligence required to do something about it. This is where it is the fault of the people. They should have stood up to Napoleon for what they fought for in the first place. The people must stand up to those who would destroy the system or else al! l is lost. I think that this story was a good representation of the actual Russian Revolution. But it is even more than that. It shows how people can let certain individuals get away with anything just because they do not feel like standing up to them.

The Role of Nationalism essays

The Role of Nationalism essays In the article Culture Is Destiny (Foreign Affairs, 73(2), 1994) Lee kuan Yew discusses ideas about Singapore and the importance of culture to its people. Lee suggests the implementation of a Western styled democracy inapplicable to Asian societies due to cultural differences. I will discuss the adoption of cultural nationalism and Asian values and its use by elites in Singapore to justify the current regimes stance against democracy. I will argue the implementation of a Western styled democratic political nation state can still accommodate cultural issues Lee suggests are unworkable. East Asian society has been under pressure to apply democratic systems of government due to globalisation. In the case of Singapore, Lee Kuan Yew selectively adopted the idea of a Western free market economy and as a result ,has had great economic success (Dae Jung 1994, p. 118). This occurred while elites such as Lee Quan Yew, held tight political control over the country Zakaria argues that: Singapores government can best be described as a soft authoritarian regime (Zakaria 1994, p. 99). Lee Quan Yew achieved this through cultural nationalism and more specifically the idea of Asian values and Confucianism. In the case of Singapore Dae Jung argues that the concept of Asian Values is used by leaders such as Lee Quan Yew as a mechanism in which to create stability and support for the elites: Moreover Lees view of culture is not only unsupportable but self serving Lee Quan Yew makes further use of cultural nationalism and Asian values through Confucianism in an attempt to support his view that Western democracy cannot work in Asia. In particular the Xiushen qijia zhiguo pingtianxia. This is an attempt to explain the current regimes stanc ...

Safety and Security in Health Care Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Safety and Security in Health Care - Assignment Example The employee health department plays the role of protecting the employees from succumbing to diseases that may be transmitted by medical practitioners. Protection is done through immunizations. The department ensures that all the health of employees is safeguarded through reduction of malingering by workers as well as numerous reimbursement claims. Â  Facility safety committees are primarily set up to shield employees from injuries that may result from accidents. The committee has the role of ensuring that the right steps towards disaster management are properly followed for purposes of saving a life. Kavaler and Spiegel (2003) argue that safety committees have the responsibility of conducting mass education on disaster. Â  I operate with The Federal Physician Data Center that highlights on the vices that take place in health facilities. I own the state license that allows me right of entry for other licenses in my state. From my regulatory agency, I am able to understand the actions to be taken against nurses upon misconduct. Â  According to Kavaler and Spiegel (2003), national tracking agencies agree on the extent to which a healthcare practitioner can intermingle with the patients. These agencies also define the actions to be undertaken just in case the rules and regulations of the agency are not adhered to. National tracking agencies ensure that all structures required to execute the standards of the agency are held fast. Â  Physician peer review has the ability to withdraw any form of punishment that may be imposed on a physician in relation to his or her conduct. Peer review has the mandate of denying any form of invalidation of a physician’s license to operate. They also protect the physicians from possible lawsuits as a result of their conduct. Â  

Family Support Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Family Support - Article Example Family support is a philosophy that promotes the growth and development of families. It aims to enhance the strengths innate in families as well as strengthening identified weaknesses in order for the members to achieve optimal well-being and personal success. Various family support programs have been developed and offered in communities, however, Malcolmson (2002) believes that family support should have a strong commitment to relationship-building based on trust, respect and sharing of power. Dunst (1995) offers the following characteristics of family support programs: Enhancing a Sense of Community: the coming together of people with similar needs and values. Mobilizing Resources and Supports: sourcing and establishing the necessary services in supporting the family’s needs. Shared Responsibility and Collaboration: sharing of skills and ideas in taking care of the family’s needs Protecting Family Integrity: keeping the values and cultural perspective of the family st rong Strengthening Family Functioning: helping family members to strengthen their capabilities to be able support each member to function at his/her best. Adopting Proactive Program Practices: availing of family support services that support and strengthen the family. How does the theoretical framework of family support e.g: premises/paradigms and guiding principles culminate in a promotion model of service delivery to families as described on the reading. The theoretical framework of family support gives the prevailing idea that support services are more preventive than promotional. Initially, being preventive is viewed as a good thing. The cliche â€Å"An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure† hails prevention as the ultimate paradigm to keep families safe, healthy and far from the risks of deterioration. However, Dunst, Trivette and Thompson (1990, as cited in Dunst, 1995) and Cowen (1994, as cited in Dunst, 1995) contend that the use of prevention models goes again st the principles of family support. They argue that the prevention of problems does not guarantee that families will effectively function and their competence will be optimized, as opposed to situations when they are given opportunities that support and strengthen families from the onset. Family support is characterized with a proactive paradigm that focuses on further enhancing families’ strength with promotion-oriented practices. Such practices have a mastery and optimization orientation, and the development, enhancement and elaboration of an individual’s skills and strengths are emphasized, most especially the competencies that increase his control over the important aspects of his life (Dunst, 1995). Hence, a promotion model of family support builds strengths instead of rectifying deficits. This way, the individuals benefitting from the promotional family support finds it easier to deal with life’s challenges and difficulties while they set growth-oriented goals and the achievement of personal aspirations. What do you see as the role of the practitioner in this model of service to families? Consistent with Dunst’s (1995) characteristics of family support services, the practitioner has multiple roles in the delivery of such service. Being alert to the needs and strengths of the families in the community, he has a broad picture of the resources and supports available. He is able to match service providers with service consumers and he bridges a sense of responsibility and collaboration between

President Bush and President Clinton Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

President Bush and President Clinton - Essay Example ar threat from North Korea , blown open the federal budget deficit, presided over economic recession and weakness, overseen an historic gap between corporate profits and worker compensation, and ignored menacing environmental issues such as pollution and global warming. There is no doubt that Bill Clinton was a far superior leader and far more worthy of the respect, admiration and gratitude of Americans. The reputation of the United States is the first area in which the difference between Bush and Clinton is stark. Under Clinton, the United States respected multilateral agreements, sought consensus among the international community on matters of great import, projected the power of the United States in a non-arrogant manner, and respected human rights. For example, Clinton pursued and successfully achieved treaties that grew and strengthened international trade, such as the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) and the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT). He also helped negotiate the Kyoto Protocol against global warming. In addition, he utilized U.S. military power when necessary and within the context of NATO, as was the case in Kosovo. Because of his active solicitation of and respect for the opinions and influence of other nations, the United States enjoyed a high degree of respect and admiration throughout the world. On the contrary, Bush has led the U.S. to an all-time low in its image abroad. Virtually from the beginning of his presidency, he has pursued an all-out assault on the international progress that took eight years to achieve during the Clinton administration. He immediately backpedaled on security assurances that had been made to North Korea, effectively provoking that country to resume nuclear weapons development and causing them to return to caustic anti-American propaganda and posturing. In addition, he pulled out of the Kyoto accord on global warming, effectively leaving much of the rest of the world high and dry when it comes

How to Maintain Good Laboratory Practice

How to Maintain Good Laboratory Practice Good laboratory practice Introduction Good laboratory practice have principles which give structure to the studies of which they are planned, performed, monitored, recorded, reported and archived. These studies are undertaken to generate data by which the hazards and risks to users, consumers including the environment, can be assessed for pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, veterinary medicines, industrial chemicals, cosmetics, food and feed additives and biocides. Purpose Good laboratory practice provides results from the study which are reliable and can be used for making risk/safety assessments. The Good laboratory practice regulations provide an interpretation of the terminology used in defining the elements of GLP. Here are few examples Study plan – this is a document which shows why an experiment is being carried out and how it should be performed in order to comply with Good laboratory practice. Study Director- dealing with Good laboratory compliant Study personnel- all the people that carry out the experiments Study initiation Date – Date that the study first signs the study plan Study Plan Amendment – an intended change to study plan after the initial study date Standard operating procedures – sufficiently detailed work instructions to allow the procedure to be repeated exactly the same way each time by any operator. Findings Raw materials Raw materials are reagents used in processing. They are classified regarding identification of samples for example Enzymes which are used in the study. Storage instructions Expiry date Quality e.g. purity of a chemical Source of the material, preparation date and stability Cell culture Equipment maintenance and calibration All the equipment must be clean to function reliably. For each piece of equipment there should be: A number for identification of the apparatus. A calibration check (should be traceable to national or international standards) Validation that equipment fir for purpose Staff should be trained to use equipment Operating and parameters Clean equipment Data logging and tracking Transport Delivering chemicals by roads or by train have the possibilities of accidents. If there is a leak it could cause a spillage which can cause cars to slide and hit each other which could potentially lead to an explosion which could cause fatalities as well as damage to the nearby surroundings. Customer services The aim is to build up a trust between clients and the company. Any reported problem from any client should be followed up and dealt with to the highest standard possible. Labelling, storage, packing All the reagents must be fully labelled with: Name of reagent Who made it? Date the item was prepared Expiry date Storage conditions Hazard labels Name of the company or institution If the reagent is not labelled there is no evince of what it is! Storing/Packing of data Materials required to be stored include: The study plan, raw data, samples of test and reference items, specimens and final report of each study The records of all inspection performed by the quality assurance Personal records Records and reports of the maintenance and calibration of equipment Validation documentation for computerise systems SOPs Environmental monitoring records The materials retained should be properly indexed and movement of information should be noted. Training For high quality GLP training, you need experienced Course Directors. Each Course Directors have to be from senior level scientific, regulatory and management positions in a variety of organisations and industries. Procedures SOPs stands for Standard operating producers SOPs is a factor which in the production of products fit for their intended use. All the operators must be aware of all the relevant SOPs and implement them correctly. If there is a failure carrying them out correctly it means that it can lead to the production of products harmful, and potentially lethal to customers. Implementing of quality standards for example what must happen in a work place to ensure compliance? Everyone in the lab should know what they are doing. In implementing Good Lab Practice the study director is the single point of control for a given study and has the responsibility for its overall conduct and finial report. Standard Operating procedures A key aspect of the study personnel’s role in ensuring good lab practice compliance in their work is the writing and implementation of standard operating procedures. These are work instruction, which are accurately detailed to allow the procedure to be repeated exactly the same way each time by any operator Internal mentoring Those who have been in long term employment would be expected to encourage and support new and younger staff members. Giving guidance where it is needed. Quality assurance (QA) Quality assurance refers to all actions necessary to provide confidence that the product or service will satisfy the prescribed requirement for quality. QA involves the setting up of a quality system, and overseeing that this system is being implemented correctly. In short, quality assurance does exactly what it says. By considering all the aspects of the business process it ensures that the work being done will meet the required standard. The responsibilities of the Quality Assurance: maintain copies of all approved study plans and Standard Operating Procedures in use in the test facility and have access to an up-to-date copy of the master schedule Verify that the study plan contains the information required for compliance with these Principles of Good Laboratory Practice. Recording of primary data Log Book is a primary source of raw data in any process. It provides evidence which may be used in a court law it might also be sued in patent applications or used as a cross reference in auditing work. Monitoring temperatures in incubators or fridges Monitoring temperature is very important in lab. For the operation of fridges and freezers we need to consider what temperature should it run at ? The required limit e.g. 4oC +/- -2oC All fridges used for the storage of medicines must have the temperature monitored daily to ensure the correct storage of those medicines. Maintenance of log book: Bound note book should only be used. The hand writing should be clear so that operators can understand it. Blue or black ink must be used in order to prevent fading and allow documents to be photocopied easily. All pages should be numbered to prevent pages being removed. All data should be recorded. All data should be verified through the use of signatures and witnesses. Correction should be verified by being signed and dated. Blank lines or pages should be crossed out with a diagonal line signed and dated. All detailed information about instruments, samples, materials, and equipment should be included. The logbook should be stored in a secure location. Regulator Bodies which are involved in ensuring compliance with the chosen standard are the governments and the trade association. Inspectors carry out biennial inspections of all labs within the UK that perform regulatory studies that require to be conducted to Good Lab Practice After a satisfactory inspection by GLPMA, be issued with a statement of GLP compliance. The GLPMA provides information to trade association and other Governments departments on aspects of GLP. Regulators: Governments The Governments are responsible for enforcing the regulations in GLP on the behalf of the UK Monitoring Authority MHRA Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Veterinary Medicines Directorate (DEFRA) Pesticides safety Directorate (DEFRA) Food standard Agency for example feed addictives, novel and foods, food additives and food contaminants ) Health and safety executive Environment Agency Trade associations Monitoring compliance; Association of British pharmaceutical industry Association of consultant bioscience industry Crop protection association British Association of research quality Assurance Chemical aspects of Toxicology Discussion Group. Association of independent research testing organisations United Kingdom accreditation service.

Key Events Leading to Revolutionary War Essay -- essays research paper

Events Leading to the Revolutionary War In the 18th century, world advances were made through ones connections. The closer relationship one had with the king, the better opportunity they have. Cronyism allows people with less talent to rise in society. However, living in colonies reduced the influence of cronyism. One could rise economically and socially through hard work and good fortune. In Britain, King George III appointed George Grenville as first minister with responsibility for solving the debt crisis of the Seven Years’ war. The British at home were highly taxed so it seemed reasonable to tax the Americans as well. The Parliament taxing the colonists without representation led to some of the key events leading to the American Revolution. The Stamp Act was a tax created by the Parliament that required people to buy stamps for paper transactions such as newspapers, legal documents and playing cards. The stamps were to be bought only with specie, which was hard to get because it was scarce. The colonists mostly used paper money or credit. This tax affected everyone in the colonies, from the wealthy to the poor, to business owners, to lawyers, and even commoners. Colonial assemblies saw the stamp act as infringement on their power. Not even people with authority in the colonies had a say on these taxes. Other groups saw it as a nuisance and as legislation that could increase cronyism and dependence on political connections. The colonists protested against the Stamp Act; they threatened and attacked the people who distributed the stamps and formed groups to lead protests. The â€Å"Sons of Liberty† was a group who led some of the protests and also organized networks to boycott British goods. In 1776 the Stamp Act w as repealed. The king and the Parliament both agreed that the Stamp Act was a bad idea but still felt that the colonists needed to be taxed. The Parliament then put out the Declatory Act which asserts the right to tax Britain including all of its colonies. Since Parliament felt that the Colonists still needed to be taxed, the Townshend Revenue Act of 1767 conceived by Charles Townshend was passed. This was a tax on imported goods such as paint, teas, glass, paper and lead. It also authorized courts to crack down on smuggled merchandise. This tax was not any better than the Stamp act. â€Å"It raised revenue without the approval of colonial assemblies and... ...ed the First Continental Congress. They met to discuss the declaration of their rights, but were not ready to declare independence. They took a militant stance by saying â€Å"Everyone qualified to fight should learn ‘the art of war as soon as possible, and†¦appear under arms at least once a week† (Ayers 143). They also created an economic boycott, ending all trade with Great Britain. The Committees of Observation and Safety was made to enforce the ban on local trade through elected local committees. King George III considered this as a rebellion and took forceful action in the battles of Lexington and Concord. Only 8 colonists died and out of 700 British soldiers, 73 died and 202 were missing or wounded. They were harassed back to Boston and surrounded by militias. Being taxed by the parliament only makes the colonists realize that they don’t need to take orders from the British anymore. Resisting those taxes became a war for independence. They no longer need to have ties to a country that they have nothing to do with. By protesting against the parliament the colonists were finding that they can self-govern themselves, rather than having to rely on the parliament to do it for them.